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The technology that is utilized to collect and convert solar energy is known as solar energy. In 2011, less than 0.1 percent of the world's energy consumption was met by the technology. Many people are familiar with 'photovoltaic cells,' often known as solar panels, which are used in items like spacecraft, roofs, and handheld calculators. Semiconductor materials, similar to those used in computer chips, are used to make the cells. Electrons are dislodged from their atoms when sunlight strikes the cells. The cell produces electricity when the electrons move through it. Solar-thermal power plants use a variety of methods to concentrate the sun's energy as a heat source on a much bigger scale. The heat is then utilized to boil water, which powers a steam turbine to produce electricity in a manner similar to that of coal and nuclear power plants and serve thousands of people with electricity. In one method, sunlight is focused on an oil pipe that passes through the center o...

 In order to produce electricity, wind turbines are mostly used in wind power or wind energy. In comparison to burning fossil fuels, wind energy is a well-liked, environmentally friendly, renewable energy source. Wind energy has historically been used to power sails, windmills, and windpumps, but today it is primarily employed to produce electricity. Numerous separate wind turbines connected to the electrical power transmission network make up wind farms. New onshore (on-land) wind farms are less expensive to build than new coal or gas facilities, but fossil fuel subsidies are impeding the growth of wind power. Compared to certain other power plants, onshore wind farms have a more noticeable visual influence on the terrain. Little onshore wind farms can add a small amount of power to the grid or supply remote off-grid areas with electricity. Offshore wind farms have less of an aesthetic impact and produce more energy per installed capacity with less variability. Offshore wind gener...