The collection of physical phenomena known as electricity are those that are connected to the presence and movement of matter that possesses an electric charge. Maxwell's equations describe the phenomenon of electromagnetism, which includes both magnetism and electricity as components. Lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges, and many other common phenomena have an electrical component.
An electric field is created by the existence of an electric charge, which may be positive or negative. Electric current, which results from the movement of electric charges, also creates a magnetic field.
A force will act on a charge when it is positioned in an area with an electric field that is not zero. According to Coulomb's law, this force has a certain magnitude. The electric field would be exerting force on the charge if it were to move. Thus, we can refer to the electric potential at a particular place in space, which is commonly measured in volts and equivalent to the work performed by an external agent in transferring a unit of positive charge from an arbitrary reference point to that point without accelerating.
Numerous contemporary technologies, including those utilized for:
1. Electricity, wherein equipment is powered by electric current;
2. Electronics, which is concerned with electrical circuits that use active electrical components like transistors, vacuum tubes, diodes, and integrated circuits, as well as related passive connecting technologies.
Since antiquity, electrical phenomena have been explored, but until the seventeenth and eighteenth century, theoretical knowledge of these phenomena remained sluggish. By the end of the 19th century, electrical engineers had applied the electromagnetic theory to the usage of electricity in both industrial and domestic settings. Electrical technology was rapidly developing during this period, transforming society and industry and serving as a catalyst for the Second Industrial Revolution. Due to electricity's exceptional adaptability, it may be used for a virtually infinite number of purposes, including transportation, heating, lighting, communications, and computation. Modern industrial society is now supported by electricity.
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